Phytochemical Screening and Potential In vitro Anti-Bacterial Activity of Aegle marmelos Leaf Extract Against Gram Negative Pathogenic Bacteria

To investigate the phytochemical and antibacterial potential of leaves of A. marmelos against isolated human pathogenic gram negative bacterial strains from four different hospital isolates. Petroleum ether, Chloroform, Methanol and Aqueous extracts at three different concentrations (50, 75 and 100 mg/mL) were evaluated. Agar diffusion method was followed to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, Amino acids, Steroids, Flavonoids, Phenols and tannins in all four extracts but Saponins, Gum and Mucilage are absent in Petroleum ether and Chloroform extracts and they are present in Methanol and Aqueous extracts. All extracts of the leaf demonstrated significant antibacterial activity against tested pathogens. Among all extracts, ethanol extract has revealed the highest inhibition rate comparatively. The present study also favored the traditional uses reported earlier. Results of this Phytochemical and antimicrobial studies strongly confirm that the leaf extracts of A. marmelos have some primary and secondary metabolites and they could be effective antibiotics, in controlling gram-negative human pathogenic infections.